Daily Current Capsules

09 May 2023

Personalities in NEWS

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about Gopal Krishna Gokhale)+Mains ( GSI- India’s National Movement)

What’s the NEWS

• The Prime Minister paid homage to Gopal Krishna Gokhale on his birth anniversary.

Know! About Gopal Krishna Gokhale

• Gopal Krishna Gokhale was one of the most influential leaders during India’s struggle for independence.
• He was born on May 9, 1866, and was a social reformer whose goals were to promote non-violence and reform within the existing government institution
• Gopal Krishna Gokhale was born in a Brahmin family during the British Raj. Despite being from a relatively poor household, he received an English education which wasn’t easy to cope with in those days.
• Mahatma Gandhi in his autobiography, referred to Gokhale as his mentor and guide.
• Gokhale was one of the founders of the Servants of India Society (1905), whose members took vows of poverty and lifelong service to the underprivileged
• He opposed the ill-treatment of untouchables, or low-caste Hindus, and also took up the cause of impoverished Indians living in South Africa.
• Gokhale was among the most prominent faces in the Indian National Congress and a strong advocate for gaining independence from British rule via constitutional means.
• He became a member of the Indian National Congress in 1889.
• He was also the secretary of the Indian National Congress’s “Reception Committee” during its Poona session in 1895.
• He was reportedly one of the first Indians to complete graduation

Personalities in NEWS

Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore Jayanti

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about Gurudev Tagore)+Mains ( GSI- India’s National Movement)

What’s the NEWS

• The Prime Minister has paid tributes to Gurudev Tagore on his Jayanti.

Know! All about Tagore

• Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) was the youngest son of Debendranath Tagore, a leader of the Brahmo Samaj, which was a new religious sect in nineteenth-century Bengal
• Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer, and painter
• He reshaped Bengali literature and music as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
• Author of the “profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful” poetry of Gitanjali, he became 1913 the first non-European and the first lyricist to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
• He was a fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society. Referred to as “the Bard of Bengal”,
• Tagore was known by sobriquets: Gurudeb, Kobiguru, and Biswokobi.
• Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced), and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works
• .His compositions were chosen by two nations as national anthems: India’s “Jana Gana Mana” and Bangladesh’s “Amar Shonar Bangla”.
• The Sri Lankan national anthem was inspired by his work.

Personalities in NEWS

Maharana Pratap Jayanti

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about Maharana Pratap)

What’s the NEWS

• The Prime Minister of India paid tribute to Maharana Pratap on his Jayanti

Know! About Maharana Pratap

• Maharana Pratap was born in Rajasthan on May 9th, 1540.
• Maharana Pratap was a Hindu Rajput King who belonged to the Sisodiya clan of Rajputs
• Maharana Udai Singh II, the king of the Kingdom of Mewar was his father. Pratap was the Crown Prince as he was the eldest of 25 sons.
• After his father’s death, he ascended the throne of Mewar.
• Maharana Pratap was a Hindu Rajput King who belonged to the Sisodiya clan of Rajputs.
• He is revered and worshipped by many royal families in Rajasthan for his bravery and courage.
• The legendary king is revered as a true patriot who initiated the country’s first war of independence.
• In the battle of Haldighati, he fought alongside Akbar, one of the most famous Mughal Emperors.
• Maharana Pratap was eventually forced to flee. However, he managed to kill a large number of opponents on the battlefield, gaining respect and acclaim for his bravery.
• Hence, every year on the third day of the Jyeshtha Shukla phase, the third month of the Hindu calendar, his birth anniversary is observed as Maharana Pratap Jayanti
• He was severely injured in a hunting accident in January 1597. He died at the age of 56 on 29th January 1597.

Birth Anniversary

• As per the Julian calendar, Maharana Pratap was born on May 9th, 1540. The Julian calendar is obsolete and it has been replaced by the Gregorian calendar. According to the Proleptic Gregorian calendar, Maharana Pratap was born on May 19th, 1540.
• However, the birth anniversary of Maharana Pratap is celebrated as per the Hindu calendar. And, according to the Hindu calendar, it was Tritiya, Jyeshtha, Shukla Paksha, 1597 Vikram Samvat when Maharana Pratap was born, which comes either in late May or early June on the Western calendar.

Social Security

Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMSBY), and Atal Pension Yojana (APY) complete 8 years of providing social security cover

Relevance IN – Prelims ( about PMJJBY,PMSBY,APY) + Mains ( GS II – Social issues)

What’s the NEWS

• The government of India is celebrating the 8^th anniversaries of the three social security (Jan Suraksha) schemes — Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) and Atal Pension Yojana (APY

Achievements and salient features of PMJJBY, PMSBY, and APY

• PMJJBY, PMSBY, and APY were launched by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 9^th May 2015 from Kolkata, West Bengal.
• The three schemes are dedicated to the welfare of the citizens, recognizing the need for securing human life from unforeseen eventualisation and financial uncertainties.
• In order to ensure that the people from the unorganized section of the country are financially secure, the Government launched two insurance schemes —PMJJBY and PMSBY; and also introduced APY to cover the exigencies in old age.
• 16.2 crore, 34.2 crore, and 5.2 crore enrolments have been done under PMJJBY, PMSBY & APY respectively till 26^th April 2023.

About Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)

• Scheme: PMJJBY is a one-year life insurance scheme renewable from year to year offering coverage for death due to any reason.
• Eligibility: Persons in the age group of 18-50 years having an individual bank or a post office account are entitled to enroll under the scheme. People who join the scheme before completing 50 years of age can continue to have the risk of life cover up to the age of 55 years upon payment of the regular premium.
• Benefits: Life cover of Rs. 2 Lakh in case of death due to any reason against a premium of Rs. 436/- per annum.
• Enrolment: Enrolments under the scheme can be done by visiting the branch/ BC point or website of the bank of the account holder or at the post office in case of a post office savings bank account. The premium under the scheme is auto-debited every year from the subscriber’s bank account.

2. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)

• Scheme: PMSBY is a one-year accidental insurance scheme renewable from year to year offering coverage for death or disability due to accident.
• Eligibility: Persons in the age group of 18-70 years having an individual bank or a post office account are entitled to enroll under the scheme.
• Benefits: Accidental death cum disability cover of Rs.2 lakh (Rs.1 lakh in case of partial disability) for death or disability due to an accident against a premium of Rs.20/- per annum.
• Enrolment: Enrolment under the scheme can be done by visiting the branch/ BC point or website of the bank of the account holder or at the post office in case of a post office savings bank account. The premium under the scheme is auto-debited every year from the subscriber’s bank account

3. Atal Pension Yojana (APY)

• Background: The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) was launched to create a universal social security system for all Indians, especially the poor, the underprivileged, and the workers in the unorganized sector. It is an initiative of the Government to provide financial security and cover future exigencies for the people in the unorganized sector. APY is administered by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) under the overall administrative and institutional architecture of the National Pension System (NPS).
• Eligibility: APY is open to all bank account holders in the age group of 18 to 40 years who are not income taxpayers and the contributions differ, based on the pension amount chosen.
• Benefits: Subscribers would receive the guaranteed minimum monthly pension of Rs. 1000 or Rs. 2000 or Rs. 3000 or Rs. 4000 or Rs. 5000 after the age of 60 years, based on the contributions made by the subscriber after joining the scheme.
• Disbursement of the Scheme Benefits: The monthly pension is available to the subscriber, and after him to his spouse and after their death, the pension corpus, as accumulated at age 60 the subscriber, would be returned to the nominee of the subscriber.
• In case of premature death of the subscriber (death before 60 years of age), the spouse of the subscriber can continue contribution to the APY account of the subscriber, for the remaining vesting period, till the original subscriber would have attained the age of 60 years.
• Contribution by Central Government: The minimum pension would be guaranteed by the Government, i.e., if the accumulated corpus based on contributions earns a lower than estimated return on investment and is inadequate to provide the minimum guaranteed pension, the Central Government would fund such inadequacy. Alternatively, if the returns on investment are higher, the subscribers would get enhanced pensionary benefits.
• Payment frequency: Subscribers can make contributions to APY on a monthly/quarterly/half-yearly basis.
• Withdrawal from the Scheme: Subscribers can voluntarily exit from APY subject to certain conditions, on deduction of Government co-contribution and return/interest thereon.

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